How we help you fill out the Common App

 




By Rajkamal Rao  





Image Credit: Rao Advisors LLC.

The University of Texas will continue to accept the Common App (along with ApplyTexas).

Many parents ask our help to assist their teenagers in filling out college applications - primarily the Common App.

You generally need our help to complete the form for only one college. We will record the Zoom call and let you refer to the recording for the other universities on your list. We require the presence of at least one parent throughout the call, with no exceptions.

Before we get on the call, several preparatory steps must be completed.

1.   We should be in WhatsApp communication with your teenager through a group. The group name should follow the format 2026_JohnStudent, assuming a 2026 graduating class.

2.   We should have completed your long-form resume review.

3.   You should already have completed the formalities to have your high school transcript sent to the college under consideration. Every school follows a different process - but, this post should provide you with some guidance.

4.   You should have already sent your SAT/ACT scores to the college unless you want to exercise the test-optional feature. Self-reporting SAT scores on the Common App is entirely different from sending official scores from the College Board.

5.   Filling out the Common App. The Common App has two parts to it. The common section - including static information like name, address, contact information, social security number or Tax Identification number, information about the high school, the self-reporting of the SAT scores - is common for all colleges. We ask that you fill out as much information here as you can.

It would help if you filled out the FERPA section on the Common App to request that recommendation letter links be sent to your recommenders. For this step, you would need the recommender's name, title, and email address (this also applies to school counselor recommendations). Your teenager must have keyed each item from the reviewed long-form resume (in step 2 above) into the Common App Activity Section. (See note below).

The second part of the Common App is the college-specific information (such as first and second-choice major, start term, and supplemental essay responses). Here also, try to fill out as much information as you can. For some schools, such as Texas A&M, you will be asked to self-report your high school grades (SRAR). This task can take up to two hours - so we recommend that a parent assist the student in accurately making the clerical entries.

The SRAR is a crucial step in college admissions and a university will not consider your application until it is complete. Because of the manual nature of the data entry process, we will not review the SRAR, relying on the parents to validate that this important step has been accurately completed.

The Common App Activity section: The Common App Activity Section severely limits the expression of each activity to an 80-character title and a 150-character description. The best way to deal with this limitation is to copy and paste our reviewed long-form resume content into ChatGPT and explicitly ask it to compress it to the desired character length for both title and body. ChatGPT is excellent at this kind of thing.

Sometimes, ChatGPT exceeds the character length - at which time you can gently rebuke it and have fun. "I said 150 characters!" The output is generally good, but as with all things ChatGPT, you need to review that it makes sense and doesn't take away from the original resume (at least the salient points). Completing the activity section takes time - sometimes an hour - so please have this section complete before the call.

Prioritizing items in the Common App Activity section: Before we suggest how you should list your accomplishments, remember what you should not do: Don’t list chronologically because admissions officers aren’t tracking a timeline. Don’t bury your strongest activities at the bottom. And avoid filler items just to hit 10 slots, as quality is always preferred to quantity. 

The best way is to list what is the most impactful first. The Common App explicitly instructs students to list activities "in order of importance to them." Here is our guide of how you should prioritize your list.

  1. Leadership. List activities that demonstrate leadership first. This could be club officer positions, examples when you initiated projects, participated in UIL competitions such as debates, or made a measurable impact to your community.

  2. Depth of involvement and time commitment. Any activity about which you are passionate reflects in your time commitment to that activity. List all activities where your sustained effort is over multiple years, logging multiple hours a week.

  3. Relevance to intended major or career. Any activity that aligns with your academic or career interests deserves to appear higher up in your list. If you are a Computer Science major, you would list hackathons or coding competitions. 

  4. Activities which distinguish you. If you have done something unique, such as founded a nonprofit, published research, or built an app, you want to highlight it. Depending upon the impact, this could go even to the leadership bucket.

  5. Essay relevance. If your Common App essay refers to an activity, that activity should appear high up on your activity list. This will help reinforce the narrative that the activity was fundamental to your growth. 



A Note About Rao Advisors Premium Services
Our promise is to empower you with high-quality, ethical and free advice via this website.  But parents and students often ask us if they can engage with us for individual counseling sessions.

Individual counseling is part of the Premium Offering of Rao Advisors and involves a fee.  Please  contact us for more information.










How to send us essays for review






By Rajkamal Rao  




Background


The most crucial subjective part of an application is the college essay. Here's our primer on college essays including our proprietary two-pass review process. 

All of our essay reviews may now be ordered from a simple menu-driven product list resembling a typical online store. You prepay for the essay review using a fixed-price model and get full buyer protection from PayPal. Please come back to this page after you have completed the transaction on the shopping cart page.

How to send essays using File-Email-Email Collaborators

If you are an existing client, you may send us your essay from within Google Docs or by email with a link to that Google Docs document. We don’t accept .pdfs or Word .docx.

Sharing your document primarily involves the following simple steps:

1. The Google document file name MUST contain the student’s FULL NAME.

If your name is Taylor Swift and you are sending us a review request for Common App #5, the file name would be something like: Taylor Swift_Common App #5. For the second UT Austin supplemental, the file name would be: Taylor Swift_UT #2.

2. The header of the document MUST contain the full essay prompt question plus the word limit for the essay. For example: Discuss an accomplishment, event, or realization that sparked a period of personal growth and a new understanding of yourself or others. 650 words.

3. Please designate rajkamal.rao@raoadvisors.com as an editor of the document.

4. Use File-Email-Email Collaborators with a note in the box requesting a review, such as, “Please do a First Pass review.” Any other instructions which clarify your need are welcome.

How to send essays using our web form

Or you can submit using our easy-to-use web form below.

We’re unable to review Word documents or .pdfs.

 

Please contact us for more information.


A Note About Rao Advisors Premium Services
Our promise is to empower you with high-quality, ethical, and free advice via this website.  But parents and students often ask us if they can engage with us for individual counseling sessions.


 
Individual counseling is part of the Premium Offering of Rao Advisors.  Please contact us for more information.





How We Can Help with our Two Pass essay review process






By Rajkamal Rao  

High school students already know that the most crucial subjective part of their college application is, without a doubt, the college essay. Our goal is to help students craft compelling essays, ensuring that their individual voices and personal narratives shine through in their applications.  

General Tips to Write a Strong College Essay

As described by the English Department at Brown University, good writing is made of key elements: Idea, Motive, Structure, Evidence, Explanation, Coherence, Implication, and Presence.
 
  1. The idea is the main thesis;
  2. The motive is why it’s important 
  3. Structure ensures clear organization
  4. The evidence provides factual backing
  5. The explanation links evidence to the argument
  6. Coherence ensures logical flow. This is a close cousin of Structure.
  7. The implication extends the argument’s significance
  8. Presence brings the writer’s personal voice and style into the essay.
The first three elements - idea, motive, and structure - are relatively easy. You're telling us a story to introduce yourself to colleges.

In a college essay, the evidence and explanation depend not on a published study but heavily on the student's personal experiences. This is where specificity matters. So lean into examples, anecdotes, stories, and things that actually happened that you experienced first-hand. Your experience cannot be the output of a Chat GPT query.
 
Think of implication as a conclusion - not always needed for the personal statement, but required for subject-specific essays (I want to study Computer Science at UT Austin because ....)

Lack of one or more of these essential elements results in a poor essay. In our experience as professional reviewers of student essays, we find that most students overestimate their ability to write and are unwilling to accept genuine criticism of their writing. 

If you think of college essays as a behavioral interview -  you can adopt the tried and trusted STAR method to structure your responses. Star is an acronym for Situation, Task, Action, and Result. The framework works well for longer, personal statements (Common App, ApplyTex, Coalition App).

Situation: Set up your story, with a hook if possible, describing the context or background of the situation.

Task: Tell us the goal you set for yourself or the task that you were given.

Action: Tell us, using discrete, specific, personal anecdotes and examples, the steps you took to complete the task or reach the goal. This is the time to describe any conflict you experienced and how you went about addressing the conflict.

Result: Summarize the outcome of your actions and what you learned from the experience. Include any positive feedback or quantifiable results. However, some negative results can highlight your strengths. 

If you are having a writer's block, follow these excellent steps from Purdue Global. Or if you want to discuss your creative ideas about what to write, please book an appointment and we will be glad to give you pointers to help you build an outline. 

Two-pass review process

Our structured essay review process is designed to get you to upload a high-quality essay. Our two-pass review method - which replicates the environment of a traditional college admissions team when two members independently review student essays - has helped many students get into elite colleges. 

We only hire the best creative writers. On our team are reviewers with training from Stanford, Penn, Duke, and UC Davis. Rajkamal Rao, our lead counselor, uses his years of experience as a columnist and 17-years of management consulting experience oversees review operations. 

Our first pass critique (creative review, including feedback on story clarity and voice) and our second pass finalization (professional editing for originality, completeness, engagement, delivery, and plagiarism checks) are included on all essay reviews. 

 
First-pass (Creative or Structural Review). When you submit your essay draft to us we will provide you with genuine feedback on your essay. Two creative writers will review your essay during the first pass to replicate the environment of a college admissions team.  [An exception is the resume review which only includes one final pass].  

Essays are about conflict and how you go about addressing it (but not always solving it). They should be personal experiences, with specific and concrete instances supporting your narrative. A good essay should reflect - meaning it should show what you learned and how you intend to apply your experiences, even if subtle.
  • Keep it simple. All New York Times articles are written for someone who has passed the 7th grade.
     
  • According to William Zinsser’s perennially popular 1976 book On Writing Well: The secret to good writing is to strip every sentence to its cleanest components. Every word that serves no function, every long word that could be a short word, every adverb that carries the same meaning that’s already in the verb, every passive construction that leaves the reader unsure of who is doing what—these are the thousand and one adulterants that weaken the strength of a sentence.

  • The lead paragraph is often the most difficult because it sets the tone for the essay. We find that the second or third paragraph can sometimes do better as a lead than the current lead. 

  • Avoid controversial positions (gun control, abortion, immigration, election integrity, war) – because you do not know the reader’s ideological bent. A college essay is not a forum for your political advocacy.

  • Is the prose consistent?
     
  • Are you duplicating ideas or being redundant (generally a major shortcoming)?
     
  • Worse, are you contradicting yourself?
     
  • Are the examples or context too narrow?
     
  • Is the theme too broad?
     
  • Are you abruptly shifting your narrative?

  • Rather than summarizing your thoughts, try reflecting.
Along with detailed inline comments, we also provide a summary at the end. Please address each comment, although you don't have to accept each comment. Your essay is, after all, your work!

First-pass (Creative or Structural Review) Sample. Here's the actual original submission of a high school student answering Prompt #3 of the Common App. Reflect on a time when you questioned or challenged a belief or idea. What prompted your thinking? What was the outcome? 

The student had submitted two variations of their response that was structurally similar but asked us to pick the better response and explain our rationale. 

Here's our actual detailed first-pass review with inline comments and a summary at the end of each version of the submission, plus our vote at the end. 

This student is now pursuing their pre-med pathway at Johns Hopkins University. 

Second-pass (Technical Review & Presentation). During the next pass, you will send us the revised essay for us to professionally edit and enhance. We do an end-to-end review of every word and punctuation, citing as our favorite 2018 story, the $5-million dollar comma. In 2021, an Australian court allowed a defamation suit to proceed because of a missing apostrophe. We check your essay for correctness, clarity, engagement, and delivery - and for the all-important plagiarism checks. 

We will, however, not creatively critique your essay for the idea behind it, like we did during the first pass. We will also not validate or check that our first pass feedback was incorporated into the revised essay submission. Forcing students to accept our feedback would be tantamount to us ghost-writing the essay. We respect the creative spirit of our clients. Our rules are so strict here that our second pass reviewers NEVER see the feedback from the first pass comments. This step enhances the independence of the review process because the second pass reviewer truly accepts a green essay with no comments, red lines, or mark ups for the second pass review. The second pass reviewer does not have to make any judgments regarding how much of the first pass review feedback was accepted.  

If you make any changes to our second pass essay, we ask that you return it to us for one last check. We hate for your change to fail the plagiarism test or generate a silly grammar error after all the hard work!



 

Examples

Zach Yadegari, a bright 18-year old and a founder of his own million-dollar AI company, posted on X that despite excellent grades, he couldn't get into the most elite schools. [He got into UT, Georgia Tech, and UMiami]. Rare for students, he also publicly posted his Common App essay. Read this post of ours on X why his essay may have fallen short.

For graduate students, here is an example of the "Before" essay of a student, the "After" essay following our review and edits, and an offer of admission the student received from Dartmouth, an Ivy League school. Our students have entered several selective colleges, including Princeton, Brown, CMU, Duke, Cornell, Penn, and Columbia.

We generally return reviewed essay versions in 48 hours or less.

Cost

All our essay review services can now be ordered from a simple menu-driven product list resembling an online store. You prepay for our service using a fixed-price model and get full buyer protection from PayPal.

Please contact us for more information.




A Note About Rao Advisors Premium Services
Our promise is to empower you with high-quality, ethical, and free advice via this website.  But parents and students often ask us if they can engage with us for individual counseling sessions.

Individual counseling is part of the Premium Offering of Rao Advisors.  Please contact us for more information.





Using A.I. Chatbots to help write essays

By Rajkamal Rao  


How Students Can Use AI the Right Way

AI tools are everywhere now, and most students will use them at some point during the college application process. Colleges understand this. What they care about is that the essay still reflects the student’s own thinking, voice, and lived experiences.

AI can help you stay organized and make your writing clearer. It cannot supply the personal stories that make an essay meaningful. Those come from your life.


Where AI Tools Are Helpful

Students often find AI useful for the early and middle stages of writing. For example, AI can help you:

  • understand what a prompt is asking
  • list a few possible directions for a topic
  • organize your ideas into a simple outline
  • identify places where your writing feels unclear
  • smooth out transitions between paragraphs
  • catch grammar or mechanical issues

These are practical tasks that support your writing without replacing your ideas.


Where AI Tools Fall Short

College essays grow from real experiences. AI cannot create those for you. It cannot describe a moment that shaped you, a responsibility you took on, or a challenge you worked through. It also cannot reflect your personality, your sense of humor, or the way you naturally speak.


Keeping Your Voice in the Essay

Your essay should sound like you. Use words you would actually say. Keep your sentences natural and steady. If an AI tool suggests language that feels too formal or too polished, rewrite it in your own style. Clear and simple writing is always stronger than complicated phrasing.

A good test is to read your essay out loud. If it doesn’t sound like something you would say to a teacher or a friend, adjust it.

Meghan O’Rourke, the executive editor of The Yale Review and a professor of creative writing at Yale University, wrote an excellent article in the New York Times in July 2025 about using A.I. for essays. 

She notes that ChatGPT is bound by a handful of telltale syntactic tics, mostly that the text feels artificial. Chatbots use too many infinitives after em-dashes — to brainstorm, to summarize, to translate, to scaffold. 

Its paragraphs tend to be brisk and insistent. One giveaway is the clipped triad — “Faster. More conversational. Less detectable.” Another is its reliance on place-holder phrases, like “There’s a sense of …” — it doesn’t know what human perception is, so it gestures vaguely toward it. 

At other times, the language sounds good but doesn’t make sense. What it produces is mimetic of thought, but not quite thought itself.

Read my Substack piece about AI's trend to use antithetical sentence constructs: "Not A, not B, but C." Humans don't write in this manner. 


How to Use AI Responsibly

Here is a simple approach that works well for most students:

  1. Start with a few notes about your experience.
  2. Write a short first draft on your own.
  3. Use AI to help you organize or clarify your ideas.
  4. Edit the AI suggestions so they match your voice.
  5. Make sure every example and reflection comes from your life.

This keeps the essay personal and authentic while still taking advantage of modern tools.


Examples of Good Uses

Students often use AI effectively for:

  • brainstorming possible angles for a topic
  • summarizing a long paragraph to tighten it
  • checking whether a sentence is confusing
  • improving flow between ideas
  • catching small grammar mistakes

These tasks help you polish your writing without changing the heart of your story.


Examples of Uses to Avoid

Students should stay away from using AI to:

  • write the entire essay
  • invent personal stories
  • create emotional moments that never happened
  • produce reflections that don’t match their thinking
  • write in a style that doesn’t sound like them

These uses weaken the essay and may raise concerns during review.


How Colleges View AI

Colleges know AI exists. Their main expectation is simple: the essay should reflect the student’s own experiences and voice. They want to understand who you are, what shaped you, and how you think. Essays that rely too heavily on AI often feel flat and lack the specific details that come from real life.

Admissions officers read thousands of essays each year. They can tell when a student is writing from lived experience and when the writing feels generic or disconnected from real life. 

Yale admission officers published a podcast on the do's and don't s: "A.I.-generated content simply isn't very good at the mode of communication that works in college essays."

Georgia Tech's advice is typical of the AI review approach adopted by top schools: "In the same way you would not copy directly from any other source you may incorporate into the writing process, you should not copy and paste directly out of any AI platform or submit work that you did not originally create. Instead, approach and consider any interaction with an AI tool as a learning experience that may help you generate ideas, provide alternative phrasing options, and organize your thoughts. Ultimately, we want to read and hear your unique and valuable writing style."

When students use AI responsibly, it becomes a helpful tool rather than a roadblock to your college admission plans. 


Final Thoughts

AI can support your writing, but it cannot replace your story. The strongest essays come from real moments, steady reflection, and honest writing. Use AI to help you refine your work, and let your lived experiences guide the rest.




Please contact us for more information.




A Note About Rao Advisors Premium Services
Our promise is to empower you with high-quality, ethical, and free advice via this website.  But parents and students often ask us if they can engage with us for individual counseling sessions.

Individual counseling is part of the Premium Offering of Rao Advisors.  Please contact us for more information.





Popular Essay Prompts






By Rajkamal Rao  

High school students already know that the most crucial subjective part of their college application is, without a doubt, the college essay.  

Always check with your college about the latest essay requirements, but here's a good list.

ApplyTex Topic A: Tell us your story. What unique opportunities or challenges have you experienced throughout your high school career that have shaped who you are today? [Standard required essay for Texas A&M].

UT Austin changed its essay requirements for Fall 2025.


Common App
  1. Some students have a background, identity, interest, or talent that is so meaningful they believe their application would be incomplete without it. If this sounds like you, then please share your story.

  2. The lessons we take from obstacles we encounter can be fundamental to later success. Recount a time when you faced a challenge, setback, or failure. How did it affect you, and what did you learn from the experience?

  3. Reflect on a time when you questioned or challenged a belief or idea. What prompted your thinking? What was the outcome?

  4. Reflect on something that someone has done for you that has made you happy or thankful in a surprising way. How has this gratitude affected or motivated you?

  5. Discuss an accomplishment, event, or realization that sparked a period of personal growth and a new understanding of yourself or others.

  6. Describe a topic, idea, or concept you find so engaging that it makes you lose all track of time. Why does it captivate you? What or who do you turn to when you want to learn more?

  7. Share an essay on any topic of your choice. It can be one you've already written, one that responds to a different prompt, or one of your own design.

Texas A&M

Required essay: "Tell us your story. What unique opportunities or challenges have you experienced throughout your high school career that have shaped who you are today? 500-700 words."

Supplements: You will see the following two supplemental prompts in the writing section.
Essay topic 1: Tell us about the person who has most impacted your life and why. 250 words.
Essay topic 2: Describe a life event which you feel has prepared you to be successful in college. 250 words.

TAMU Engineering supplement: Describe your academic and career goals in the broad field of engineering (including computer science, industrial distribution, and engineering technology). What and/or who has influenced you either inside or outside. Max 500 words (preferred: 350 words).

Stealth supplements: In the Common App, Texas A&M also requires answering these five "stealth supplements" in the scholarship section of the application, that is, after the writing section.

1. Why have you chosen to apply to Texas A&M University? 50 words

2. Why have you chosen your academic major(s)? 50 words

3. Briefly describe any educational plans you have beyond earning your bachelor's degree. 50 words

4. What are some of your life goals and objectives? 50 words

5. How do you show leadership in your life? How do you see yourself being a leader at Texas A&M University? or ( Describe an example of your leadership. Be sure to describe your actions and the actions of those around you and to explain what you accomplished). 550 words

You enter your responses in the box underneath each question - just like you do the main supplements or the platform essay in the writing section.

The stealth supplements do not appear on the ApplyTex platform.


Please contact us for more information.




A Note About Rao Advisors Premium Services
Our promise is to empower you with high-quality, ethical, and free advice via this website.  But parents and students often ask us if they can engage with us for individual counseling sessions.

Individual counseling is part of the Premium Offering of Rao Advisors.  Please contact us for more information.





What should you write about?






By Rajkamal Rao  

High school students already know that the most crucial subjective part of their college application is, without a doubt, the college essay.  


What should you write about?

Winning essays are generally those written from the heart, show compassion and highlight your character. David Holmes, who has done important work to signal the importance of character attributes in college admissions, defines character "as nonacademic factors -- e.g., service to society, evidence of a strong work ethic, attributes such as resilience, perseverance, and caring for others."

Another clue about what colleges like to see is buried in the selection criteria of scholarship applications. The Jack Kent Cooke scholarship application is available from within the Common App. The program is one of America's largest initiatives to advance the education of exceptionally promising students who have financial need. Four factors are evaluated before awarding up to $40,000 in grants. It is a safe bet to highlight one or more of these factors in your college essays.

  1. Exceptional academic ability and achievement: Strong academic record, academic awards and honors, GPA, college entrance exam scores, advanced courses, commitment to learning, and intellectual curiosity.

  2. Persistence: Determination and perseverance in the face of challenges, ability to set and remain focused on goals and to put in the effort needed to meet those goals in the face of obstacles.

  3. Leadership: Ability to organize and positively influence others in and out of school (family, religious community, sports, arts, etc.).

  4. Service to Others: Purposeful and meaningful commitment to others which may be evidenced by participation in volunteer/community service activities.

The style of writing is crucial. Essays need to show off your personality, humanity, deep worldviews, and intellectual curiosities - all while being personable, specific, and reflective. Essays are NOT resumes, a paragraph version of a bulleted list of achievements. Essays are NOT cover letters where you seek a job.

Please contact us for more information.




A Note About Rao Advisors Premium Services
Our promise is to empower you with high-quality, ethical, and free advice via this website.  But parents and students often ask us if they can engage with us for individual counseling sessions.

Individual counseling is part of the Premium Offering of Rao Advisors.  Please contact us for more information.





Two Types of Essays






By Rajkamal Rao  

Two Types of Essays

Colleges generally require high school students to submit two types of essays.

The first is the essay required as part of the Common App or Coalition App or the Universal App - these are platforms used to apply to colleges.  The Common App, the most popular platform, lists seven “Personal essay writing prompts”, which are really seven essay questions.  You can pick one and answer it to a length of 650 words. The so-called "Personal Statement" and any one of the seven Common App essay prompts are one and the same. For most colleges, this is the only essay you will ever need.

But highly selective colleges will require you to submit additional “supplemental” essays of their choosing.  These colleges want to better understand who you are, what you want to be, and how you can express yourself. Check out our post about the three kinds of essays colleges typically ask you to write and our advice about how to tackle them.

Starting the 2023 admit year, colleges in Texas have begun accepting the Common App but may not accept one of the seven Common App prompts. A good example here is Texas A&M whose required essay prompt is the same whether you use ApplyTex or the Common App: “Tell us your story. What unique opportunities or challenges have you experienced throughout your high school career that have shaped who you are today?" Click here for all the essays required for Texas A&M.

UT Austin changed its essay requirements for Fall 2025 and beyond. Public universities in California (UC Apply or Cal State Apply) or private schools like MIT have dedicated application portals and essay requirements - and do not use the Common App. Some amount of reuse is possible. For example, if you're constrained for time, a good trick is to reuse the ApplyTex essay as one of the seven prompts of the Common App essay or the generic essay prompt for the Coalition App.

Regardless of the essay you are writing, follow these three simple rules.
  1. Answer the essay question correctly.  Too many students read too much into the question and over-engineer their responses.

  2. Be yourself and be honest.  College admissions officers look at thousands of essays in great detail and can quickly tell a genuine essay from one that's fake. An admissions officer from Harvard, speaking at an event in Ft. Worth in May 2019, advised students to take the "cafeteria test." Suppose you left behind the draft of a college essay in the school cafeteria and you didn't have your name printed on the essay, could a friend read the essay, and immediately know that it was you who wrote it?  If the answer is yes, you passed the cafeteria test.

  3. Have your essay professionally reviewed by someone who is neutral - that is, someone who didn't raise you from birth!  It is well worth the investment.
Admission officers of several selective colleges often talk about what they expect, such as in this video clip. The College Board provides essay tips here.
 
 

Please contact us for more information.




A Note About Rao Advisors Premium Services
Our promise is to empower you with high-quality, ethical, and free advice via this website.  But parents and students often ask us if they can engage with us for individual counseling sessions.  We offer world-class SOP and essay reviewing services for a reasonable fee, starting at $99/hour.

Individual counseling is part of the Premium Offering of Rao Advisors.  Please contact us for more information.





Asian American students should hide their race on the Common App








A high school class room. Image: Rao Advisors.



Students often ask us a common question: "Should I reveal my race on college admissions applications?"


The 1964 United States Civil Rights Act expressly bars discrimination against race and ethnic origins. Still, high schools, colleges, and even state and local governments collect terabytes of student race and ethnicity data each year. 


Information collection is mainly harmless, such as learning about trends based on race. For example, a 2022 national study showed that transfer enrollment from two-year community colleges to four-year colleges experienced significant drops during and immediately after Covid, resulting in a double-digit enrollment decline over two years since the spring of 2020. Black and Native American transfer student rates declined precipitously, over 16%. 


High school students first reveal their race when they initially sign up for the PSAT, SAT, or ACT. But should high school students check the race box on the Common App when applying to colleges?


Common App Race Box

Students using the Common App have always had the option to not disclose their race in the "race box." 


But as the New York Times reports, the Common App has changed its platform so that even colleges can opt out of seeing a student's race if a student indeed discloses their race. The new option will help colleges comply "with whatever legal standard the Supreme Court will set in regards to race in admissions," the Common App said in a statement. Students who want to ensure that their race is considered must take additional steps to include their ethnic background in their uploaded resumes and college essays or request teachers to talk about their race in recommendation letters. 


The college admissions journey is becoming increasingly complicated as schools look for various factors in students beyond grades and admission test scores.


We recommend that high-performing Asian and Indian-American students refrain from disclosing their race on college applications. If the Supreme Court rules that race should not be a factor in college admissions, there is little reason to include this information for any colleges that may not wish to comply with the ruling.




A Note About Rao Advisors Premium Services
Our promise is to empower you with high-quality, ethical and free advice via this website.  But parents and students often ask us if they can engage with us for individual counseling sessions.

Individual counseling is part of the Premium Offering of Rao Advisors and involves a fee.  Please  contact us for more information.







Our partnership with Achievable for ACT Prep










If you're preparing for the ACT, buy The Official ACT Prep Guide. [The ACT revises its editions once a year - so, make sure to buy the latest edition appropriate for your test date]. Here's a set of full-length official test questions in English, Math, Reading, Science, and Writing. Also, here are ten ACT Reading tips from Kaplan, ACT’s official test-prep partner, which apply to the SAT as well.

A promising low-cost ACT resource is Achievable, from a Bay Area startup. After spending multiple hours with Tyler York, the company's Founder and CEO, we are pleased to announce that we have entered into a partnership with Achievable.

Why we partnered with Achievable

We have always advised students to take both the SAT and the ACT, but only once each. This way, if a student doesn't do well on the SAT, they can try their luck on the ACT. If the ACT score is better, as evidenced by the concordance tables between the two tests, the student can throw away the SAT score altogether and only use the ACT.

Many students do not realize that before 2016, it was the ACT that was the more popular test, in part because the ACT did not penalize wrong answers and the essay was optional.

In 2016, the College Board fully redesigned its test to make the essay optional and remove penalties for wrong answers. And in a killer move,
the College Board signed up with the Khan Academy to become their official partner for test practice. Almost in an instant, the SAT began to recapture its lead in the college admissions test race as the Khan Academy, with its intuitive website for both video lessons and practice, offered its resources for free. During Covid, Khan Academy, always innovating, began to offer free tutor learner sessions through its schoolhouse.world affiliate.

The ACT does not have a Khan Academy-type site. There is no way for students to track their progress online. Students wanting to have an adaptive practice environment, wherein the degree of difficulty of questions changes with student responses, find practicing from the official ACT textbook a sub-optimal experience. The ACT also has a separate science section - and the Khan Academy website does not contain SAT-type practice questions for science. And students desiring more practice than just the five official mock ACT tests available online, feel left behind.

We came away impressed with Mr. York's vision for Achievable, a relatively low-cost site that addresses all of the above deficiencies. He told us that Achievable uses adaptive learning techniques to create and update a personalized model of a student's memory, individually tracking retention and mastery of each ACT learning objective. Their learning engine monitors study progress and continually adjusts ACT practice questions to help student focus and improve study effectiveness while reducing overall study time.

The fees are reasonable too - only $129 at the time we signed our partnership on May 28, 2023. Not only does Achievable offer a one-year access package, rare in the industry, but Mr. York made Rao Advisors clients a special offer. They would extend the one-year access license to two years! All our clients have to do is contact Mr. York at the end of the first-year license and request a free renewal for another year.

Sign up with Achievable

Here is the official Rao Advisors partner link to Achievable.

https://achievable.me/exams/act/overview/#a_aid=raoadvisors





A Note About Rao Advisors Premium Services
Our promise is to empower you with high-quality, ethical and free advice via this website.  But parents and students often ask us if they can engage with us for individual counseling sessions.

Individual counseling is part of the Premium Offering of Rao Advisors and involves a fee.  Please  contact us for more information.







Summer Acceleration for Math Courses







TEA Curriculum

By Rajkamal Rao  


In most school districts around the country, high school Math classes are offered for six years. The traditional sequencing is Algebra I, Geometry I, Algebra II, Pre-Calculus, Calculus, and Statistics. Students can take these courses at varying degrees of difficulty: On level, Advanced/Honors, Dual Credit, Advanced Placement, or IB.

How can one fit six years of study into just four years of high school?

The easiest way is to begin high school Math courses in middle school. If a student takes Algebra I in the 7th grade, he/she will progress to Statistics by the time they get to the 12th grade.

Summer acceleration

But starting Math in the 7th grade may not always be feasible. Summer acceleration programs can help solve this problem.

We recommend that each student be at a Pre-Calc level of competency in the 10th grade. This will allow students to prepare better for the SAT/ACT/PSAT-11 in the summer between 10th and 11th. If students are taking AP Physics in the 11th (Physics is a requirement in most states), taking AP Physics concurrently with AP Calculus will boost student performance. 

Online Courses or Summer School

In Texas, UT High School Online offers several Math courses to take during the summer. Courses are offered on-level, honors, or even AP. The "A" designation is equivalent to the Fall term, the "B" designation is equivalent to the Spring term. So, a student wishing to accelerate through Geometry I in the summer would have to take both Honors Geometry A and Honors Geometry B.

All course enrollments include an online proctored final exam using the Proctorio service and the student's home computer. Proctorio includes an identification process, requires a webcam for video recording, and uses a lockdown browser to ensure a secure testing experience. Now that pandemic-era restrictions are gone, a student can also take the test at brick-and-mortar testing centers.

In general, a student taking a course and completing it at UT High School gets full course credit that can be applied to the student's GPA/Weighted Average GPA/Class Rank metrics back in the student's home school district. Frisco ISD includes the credit for class rank computation. Coppell ISD only provides on level credit even if you take an Honors class. Rules vary, so check with your counselor.

UT High School online follows TEA standards for course length - and replicates what is offered in schools. The Texas calendar is 180 days for the school year - 90 school days for the Fall, 90 for the Spring. The A and B courses represent the Fall and Spring courses respectively.

If you sign up for the A course, your registration for the course will immediately begin. You will then have 90 days to complete the course. This is state law. But you also have to complete B (again, you are permitted 90 days) in time for your fall classes to start at your regular high school. The whole idea of summer acceleration is to complete 180 school days of coursework for both A and B courses in about 75 calendar days (May 18 - Aug 3).

Credit By Exam (Preferred)

If students do not wish to sit through an entire summer course and wish to take an exam for credit (Credit By Exam), they have to check with their school district for when the exams are offered. UT High School Online is the official provider of CBE exams, so check the exam schedule to get an idea. However, your district has the final say. 

Completing an exam on your own has several advantages. We recommend that students start preparing in late January or early February of the school year to take the tests concurrently with other courses in their grades.

1. Time savings. For children who are already strong in Math, studying for the content with a professional tutor can speed up the time required to pass the tests. Often a 10-session burst of 1-hr tutoring lessons is all a student needs to complete the tests. 

We have developed lesson plans for Algebra 1A, Algebra 1B, Geometry A, Geometry B, Algebra 2A, and Algebra 2B. Contact us for more information. With the tests completed, students can engage in other activities during the summer to strengthen their roadmap (Cylinder 3 Extracurricular Activities or Cylinder 4 Volunteering). 

2. On-level training. Exams are always on-level so the material is relatively easy to master. 

3. Exams are multiple choice. Exams are multiple choice, so students do not have to worry about writing long answers in the Free Response Questions format. For example, the Algebra 2A test has 42 multiple-choice questions worth a total of 100 points. The Algebra 2B test has 71 questions.

4. No GPA impact in most schools. To ease families' concerns that taking an on-level course would impact their students' GPA/Weighted Average GPA/Class Rank, CBE grades in most schools will have no grade impact, allowing the student to progress to the next higher level class in sequence (Katy ISD and Fort Bend ISD are exceptions). Please check with your school district to understand CBE policy.




Completing a course through acceleration can improve your GPA trajectory by allowing you to move into more advanced weighted math courses earlier. The key question is what course replaces the skipped class.

Case 1: No CBE or Summer Acceleration

Consider a student taking Algebra I in 8th grade who earns a perfect score in each course on the 4 (on-level), 5 (advanced), and 6 (AP) scale. The school's standard recommendation would be:

  • 9th: Geometry Advanced (5 points)
  • 10th: Algebra II Advanced (5 points)
  • 11th: AP Precalculus (6 points)
  • 12th: AP Calculus AB/BC or AP Statistics (6 points)

Adding those four scores together (5 + 5 + 6 + 6) and dividing by four courses gives a weighted GPA of 5.5 points.

Case 2: CBE Option (Generally Preferred)

Now consider what happens if the student completes Geometry through CBE before high school. Because Geometry is already credited, the student can begin 9th grade in Algebra II Advanced and fit one additional weighted math course into the four high school years. The revised sequence would be:

  • Geometry CBE, on-level (4 points)
  • 9th: Algebra II Advanced (5 points)
  • 10th: AP Precalculus (6 points)
  • 11th: AP Calculus AB or BC (6 points)
  • 12th: AP Statistics (6 points)

That is now five math courses instead of four. 

Case 2A: CBE Option where CBE Grade Counts Towards GPA

In districts where the CBE grade counts toward GPA, such as Katy ISD or Fort Bend ISD, all five scores are included in the calculation: 4 + 5 + 6 + 6 + 6, divided by five courses, for a weighted GPA of 5.4 points. That is 0.1 points lower than the standard path because the on-level CBE score of 4 pulls the average down slightly.

Case 2B: CBE Option where CBE Grade DOES NOT Count Towards GPA

In districts where the CBE grade does not count toward GPA, the Geometry CBE score is excluded and only the four high school courses are averaged: 5 + 6 + 6 + 6, divided by four courses, for a weighted GPA of 5.75 points. That is a meaningful improvement over the standard path.

One additional note on the CBE exam itself: the passing threshold is 80 and the maximum score is 100. Any score within that range earns the pass credential, which reduces pressure on the student during the test.

Case 3: Taking the Course through an Online Provider

Some families consider taking Geometry through an online provider, such as UT High School, as an alternative. In that case, the student completes five courses as well, but Geometry Online is graded on the advanced scale rather than on-level, earning 5 points for a perfect score. 

The five scores would be 5 + 5 + 6 + 6 + 6, divided by five courses, for a weighted GPA of 5.6 points. That is higher than the CBE path in districts where the CBE grade counts (5.4), but lower than the CBE path in districts where it does not (5.75). 

The online course also requires a full 8-week summer commitment, time that students could spend on extracurricular activities, volunteer work, or simply enjoying their summer.




A Note About Rao Advisors Premium Services
Our promise is to empower you with high-quality, ethical and free advice via this website.  But parents and students often ask us if they can engage with us for individual counseling sessions.

Individual counseling is part of the Premium Offering of Rao Advisors and involves a fee.  Please  contact us for more information.






Statistics and Data Science Majors





By Rajkamal Rao  





 

 This post is for those interested in statistics and data science, among the fastest-growing fields in the United States. For a full list of potential Big Data topic areas, such as Foundations, Data Infrastructure, Data Management, Search & Mining, Learning & Analytics, Ecosystem, and Applications, consult the 2022 IEEE conference proceedings.

The University of Texas at Austin offers the Statistics and Data Science major as an option within the College of Natural Sciences. It is a four-year degree that provides students with foundational training and marketable skills in statistics and data science.

Several schools offer similar degrees. Here's a sample:

  1. Texas A&M: B.S. Degree in Statistics

  2. UT Dallas: Data Science

  3. Indiana University: Business Analytics

  4. UCLA: Data Science
  5. UC Berkeley: Data Science
  6. Georgia Tech: Data Science & Statistics
  7. University of Michigan: Data Science
  8. UC San Diego: Data Science
  9. University of Washington: Data Science
  10. Virginia Tech: Computational Modeling and Data Analytics
  11. University of Illinois Urbana Champaign: Data Science
  12. University of Wisconsin Madison: Data Science


A Note About Rao Advisors Premium Services
Our promise is to empower you with high-quality, ethical and free advice via this website.  But parents and students often ask us if they can engage with us for individual counseling sessions.

Individual counseling is part of the Premium Offering of Rao Advisors and involves a fee.  Please  contact us for more information.